Abstract

The aim of the study was to assess the quality of tofu waste and coconut waste that had been fermented using baker's yeast to be used as animal feed. Tofu pulp waste was obtained from a tofu factory located in Oesapa Village, Kelapa Lima Subdistrict, Kupang City, while coconut pulp was left over from coconut milk processing in households and stalls in Kupang city and surrounding areas. The research method used direct experimental method and duration of fermentation time through prosimat analysis. The results of this study were tested using Student's t test with treatment R1 (tofu pulp waste and coconut pulp fermented for 12 hours), R2 (tofu pulp waste and coconut pulp fermented for 24 hours) and R3 (tofu pulp waste and coconut pulp fermented for 48 hours). The variables studied were changes in the nutritional content of dry matter (BK), organic matter (BO), crude protein (PK), crude fat. The results showed that the treatment had a significant effect on the research variables (P<0.05) and fermentation using baker's yeast. The conclusion of the study results shows that the fermentation of tofu pulp and baker's yeast fermented coconut pulp can significantly increase nutrition, so that it can be used as an ingredient in animal feed

Keywords:

tofu pulp waste, coconut pulp, fermentation, saccharomyces cerevisiae

References:

1) Alauddin, M. A., Muwakhid, B., & Wadjdi, M. F. (2019). Aspergillus niger against the content of extract materials without nitrogen and digestibility of dry matter, organic matter in vitro. 1(1), 77–83.

2) Amin, M., Hasan, S. D., Yanuarianto, O., Iqbal, M., & Karda, I. W. (2016). Improving the quality of rice straw using fermentation ammonia technology. Indonesian Journal of Animal Science and Technology, 2(1), 96–103. a. https://doi.org/10.29303/jitpi.v2i1.18

3) Amrullah, F. A., Liman, & Erwanto. (2015). Effect of Adding Various Types of Carbohydrate Sources to Vegetable Waste Silage on the Content of Crude Fat, Crude Fiber, Crude Protein and Extract Materials without Nitrogen. Jurnal Ilmiah Peternakan Terpadu, 3(4), 221–227.

4) Angelia, O. I. (2016). Analysis of fat content in coconut pulp flour. Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry, 4(1), 19–23. a. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11178-005-0153-7

5) Astuti, T., Rofiq, M. N., & Nurhaita. (2017). Evaluation of Dry Matter, Organic Matter and Crude Protein Content of Fermented Palm Fronds with Addition of Carbohydrate Sources. Jurnal Peternakan, 14(2), 42–47. a. https://doi.org/10.24014/jupet.v14i2.4247

6) Azis, R., & Akolo, R. I. (2018). Characteristics of Coconut Bagasse Flour. Journal of Agritech Science, 2(2), 104– 116.

7) Dalle, N. S., Tukan, H. D., & Nugraha, E. Y. (2022). Comparison of Nutritional Value between Broiler Feather Flour and Fermented Broiler Feather Flour. Jurnal Ilmiah Peternakan Terpadu, 10(3), 246–253.

8) Desnita, D., Widodo, Y., & YS, T. S. (2015). Effect of Adding Gaplek Flour at Different Levels on Dry Matter Content and Organic Matter Content of Vegetable Waste Silage. Jurnal Ilmiah Peternakan Terpadu, 3(3), 140– 144.

9) Hadisutanto, B., Jermias, J. A., & Absari, W. W. (2020). Quality of Dry Matter and Organic Matter of GamalBased Fermented Complete Feed (Gliricidia sepium) in the Archipelago Dryland Area. E-Prosiding Seminar

10) Nasional Ilmu Peternakan Terapan, 129–133. https://doi.org/10.25047/proc.anim.sci.2020.18

11) Harahap, A. E., Saleh, E., & Wiloci. (2021). Nutrient Evaluation of Fermented Water Hyacinth Silage (Eichornia crassipes) with EM4 Levels and Different Energy Sources. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Industri Peternakan, 7(2), 114. a. https://doi.org/10.24252/jiip.v7i2.20643

12) Hastuti, D., Shofia, N. A., & M, B. I. (2011). Effect of Amoner Technology Treatment (Fermentation Ammonia) on Corn Cob Waste as an Alternative to Quality Feed for Ruminant Livestock. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 7(1), 55– 65.

13) Karina, A. E., Pujaningsih, R. I., & Yudiarti, T. (2019). Total Bacteria and Fungi and Nutrient Content of Coconut Pulp Given Kersen Leaf Extract with Different Storage Periods. Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia, 14(4), 359– 367. a. https://doi.org/10.31186/jspi.id.14.4.359-367

14) Kasmiran, A. (2011). Effect of Rice Straw Fermentation with Local Microorganisms on Dry Matter, Organic Matter, and Ash Content. Lentera, 11(1), 48–52.

15) Kurniawan, H., Utomo, R., & Yusiati, M. L. (2016). Nutritional Quality of Coconut Pulp (Cocos nucifera L.)

16) Fermentation Using Aspergillus niger. Buletin Peternakan, 40(1), 25. a. https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v40i1.9822

17) Mahfudz, L. D. (2018). Fermented Tofu Pulp as an Ingredient in Broiler Feed. In Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture (Vol. 21, Issue 1, p. 39). https://doi.org/10.20961/carakatani.v21i1.20578

18) Malianti, L., Sulistiyowati, E., & Fenita, Y. (2019). Amino Acid and Nutrient Profile of Durian Seed Waste (Durio Zibethinus Murr) Fermented with Tape Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and Tempeh Yeast (Rhizopus oligosporus). Jurnal Penelitian Pengoelolahan Sumbardaya Alam Dan Lingkungan, 8(13), 59–66. https://doi.org/10.3327/jaesj.49.209

19) Masyhura, M., Rangkuti, K., & Fuadi, M. (2019). Utilization of Tofu Waste in Food Diversification Efforts.

20) Agrintech: Jurnal Teknologi Pangan Dan Hasil Pertanian, 2(2), 52–54. a. https://doi.org/10.30596/agrintech.v2i2.3660

21) Mirzah, & Muis, H. (2015). Improving the Quality of Nutritional Quality of Cassava Peel Waste through Fermentation Using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia, 17(2), 131–142.

22) Muwakhid, B., Kalsum, U., & Rifa’i. (2023). Quality of Corn Straw (Zea mays) Fermented With Aspergillus niger As Animal Feed. Jurnal Nutrisi Ternak Tropis, 6(2), 98–103. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jnt.2023.006.02.4

23) Nahariah, Legowo, A. M., Abustam, E., Hintono, A., Pramono, Y. B., & Yuliati, F. N. (2013). Growth Ability of Lactobacillus plantarum Bacteria in Purebred Chicken Egg Whites with Different Fermentation Periods. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Teknologi Perternakan, 3(1), 33–39.

24) Nastiti, M. A., Hendrawan, Y., & Yulianingsih, R. (2014). The Influence of Sodium Metabisulphite ( Na 2 S 2 O 5 ) and Temperature Drying on Characteristics of Tofu Pulp Flour Jurnal Bioproses. Jurnal Bioproses Komoditas Tropis, 2(2), 100–106.

25) Nguru, A. D., Telupere, S. M. F., & Wie Lawa, D. E. (2022). Effects of the use of Fermented Gamal Leaf Flour as a Concentrate Substitute on Performance of the Landrace Breeding Pigs. Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia, 17(2), 91–96. a. https://doi.org/10.31186/jspi.id.17.2.91-96

26) Nguru, D. A., Ndun, A. N., Lawa, A. B., Mulik, S. E., Nifu, S. E., Padu, H. U., Sabat, D. M., Sol, M. M., Setyani, N. M. P., Banamtua, A. N., & Dalle, N. S. (2024). Training on Making Alternative Feed for Livestock by Utilizing Fermented Banana Stems to Increase Nutritional Value. Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri, 8(1), 6–12.

27) Nuraya, R. S., Wiradimadja, R., & Rusmana, D. (2016). Pengaruh Dosis dan Waktu Fermentasi Kulit Kopi (Coffea arabica) Menggunakan Rhizopus oryzae dan Saccharomyces cerevisiae Terhadap Kandungan Protein Kasar dan Serat Kasar. Students E-Journal, 5(3), 1–14.

28) Pratiwi, I., Fathul, F., & Muhtarudin. (2015). Effect of the addition of various starters in the production of ration silage on the content of crude fiber, crude fat, moisture content, and extract materials without nitrogen silage. Jurnal Ilmiah Peternakan Terpadu, 3(3), 116–120.

29) Putri, D. K. Y., Sudrajat, H., Susanti, A., Susilowati, & Batuthoh, M. W. I. (2022). Utilization of Tofu Dregs in the Making of High-Fiber and Low-Fat Flours As Alternative Functional Food Ingredients. Jurnal Hasil Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Jember, 1(1), 27–35. https://doi.org/10.19184/jpmunej.v1i1.72

30) Santi. (2018). Crude Protein and Crude Fiber Levels of Ground Yellow Corn in Fermented with EM-4 at Different Levels. AGROVITAL : Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 3(2), 84. https://doi.org/10.35329/agrovital.v3i2.211

31) Saputro, R., Fathul, F., & Widodo, Y. (2015). Pengaruh Lama Fermentasi Dengan Media Trametes Sp. Terhadap Organoleptik, Kadar Air Dan Lemak Pada Limbah Daun Nenas Di Lampung Tengah. Jurnal Ilmiah Peternakan Terpadu, 3(1), 68–74.

32) Sari, S., Sukainah, A., & Fadilah, R. (2019). Modified Corn Meal Substitution from Lactobacillus Fabifermentans and Aspergillus Sp Mixed Cultures Followed by Pregelatinization on the Quality of Modified White Bread. Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian, 1(1), 1–15.

33) Sina, I., Harwanto, N. U., & Mubarok, R. Z. (2021). Analysis of Tofu Solid Waste Treatment for Sausage Food Industry Alternatives (Grade B). Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Kimia, 5(1), 52–60.

34) Suryani, Y., Hernaman, I., & Hamidah, N. H. (2017). Effect of the Level of Use of Em4 (Effective Microorganisms4) in the Fermentation of Bioethanol Solid Waste on Protein and Crude Fiber Content. Jurnal Kajian Islam, Sains Dan Teknologi, 10(1), 139–153.

35) Suryani, Y., Hernaman, I., & Ningsih. (2017). Effect of Addition of Urea and Sulfur in Em-4 Fermented Bioethanol Solid Waste on Protein and Crude Fiber Content. Jurnal Ilmiah Peternakan Terpadu, 5(1), 13. a. https://doi.org/10.23960/jipt.v5i1.p13-17

36) Thaariq, S. M. H. (2018). Effect of Fermented Feed on Protein Content, Water Content, and Fat Content of Superior Broiler Local Chicken (Alpu). Bionatural, 5(1), 12–20.

37) Wahyuddin, A., Fitria, R., & Hindratiningrum, N. (2024). Crude Fat and BETN Content in Rice Straw Amufers with the Addition of MOL Starters from Stale Rice and Onggok. Buletin Peternakan Tropis, 5(1), 24–30.

38) Warouw, Z. M., Panelewen, V. V. ., & Mirah, A. D. (2014). Analysis of Pig Farming Business in the Company "Kasewean" Kakaskasen II Tomohon City. Zootec, 34(1), 92. https://doi.org/10.35792/zot.34.1.2014.3875

39) Widiarso, B. P., Khoirunnisa, & Perdinan, A. (2020). Effect of Fermentation Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the Physical Quality of Potential Hydrogen (pH) and Nutrient Content of Rice Straw. Jurnal Penelitian Peternakan Terpadu, 5(1), 51–60.

40) Yuliani, S., & Mardesci, H. (2017). The Effect of Adding Tofu Pulp Flour on the Characteristics of Biscuits Produced. Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian, 6(1), 1–11.

41) Yuvita, D., Mustabi, J., & Asriany, A. (2021). Testing of Characteristics and Crude Fat Content of Complete Feed Silage Based on Water Hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) with Different Fermentation Periods. Buletin Nutrisi Dan Makanan Ternak, 14(2), 14–27. https://doi.org/10.20956/bnmt.v14i2.12550