Abstract

Grating and dewatering are major units’ operations in cassava processing. The impacts of grater speed, screw expeller speed and compression spring load on both grating and dewatering responses using a locally developed cassava processing machine have been determined using surface response methodology. Grater speed (1100, 1200. 1300, 1400 and 1500 rpm), Screw expeller speed (150, 200, 250, 300 and 350 rpm), compression spring load (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 N) and cassava tuber (TMS 30110, TMS 419 and TMS 30395) were independent variables. The responses were machine capacity, throughput, process time and machine efficiency. Performance index results of machine capacity for all three cassava varieties were between 97.56 and 105.26 kg/h for TMS 30110; 104.90 and 115.83 kg/h for TMS 419 while it was 97.09 and 115.08kg/h for TMS 30395. The throughput for TMS 30110 ranges between 68. 49 and 85.05 kg/h, TMS 419 ranged between 83.39 and 97.47 kg/h and TMS 30395 ranged between 67.89 and 94. 19 kg/h. The process time for the three varieties ranged between 5.14 and 6.18 minutes. The machine efficiency for TMS 30110 ranged between 70.2 and 80.8%, TMS 419 ranged between 79.5 and 83.8% while it was 69.6 and 83.5% for TMS 30395. The moisture content for the three varieties ranged between 52 and 46%wet basis. Increased in machine speed, screw expeller speed and compression spring load resulted in enhanced machine capacity, throughput and efficiency but reduced process time. All parameters investigated were significant (P< 0.05). The equations created could be used to forecast and predict the machine capacity, throughput, process time and efficiency as affected by machine speed and compression spring load.

Keywords:

Optimization, grating. dewatering, machine, surface response methodology

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